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Lysimachia arvensis

(L.) U.Manns & Anderb. (2009)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Ericales Family: Primulaceae Genus: Lysimachia

poor man's weatherglass, scarlet pimpernel

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Annual, biennial, or short-lived perennial herbs.

Stems: Stems quadrangular, prostrate or decumbent, 1–6(–9) dm long, forming compact mats.

Roots: Often rooting at the nodes.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite, rarely whorled. Blades ovate to elliptic or lanceolate, 8–20(–25) mm long, 4–14(–18) mm wide. Apex acute. Base rounded, truncate, or subcordate, sessile and somewhat clasping the stem. Surfaces glabrous. Margins entire. Sessile. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers solitary in the leaf axils, long–pedicellate, bracteate, bracteoles absent. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic, on slender pedicels 5–40 mm long, recurved in fruit, bracteate, bracteoles absent. Calyx of 5 sepals; Sepals lanceolate, 3–5 mm long, margins scarious toward base. Corolla salmon, sometimes blue or various paler colors, the lobes 4–5(–10) mm long, minutely ciliate toward apex, imbricate. Stamens as many as and opposite the corolla lobes, staminal filaments hirsute with pale bluish hairs, adnate to corolla tube; anthers dithecal, introrse. Ovary superior, globose, 1-celled; ovule placentation free-central; style 1; stigma capitate.

Fruit: Capsules papery; 4–6 mm in diameter; circumscissile; the style persistent. Seeds dark brown; ca. 0.8 mm long; minutely pitted.

Ploidy: 2n = 22; 28; 40

Habitat: Dry; seasonally moist; disturbed areas; especially at low elevations.

Elevation Range: 0–2,450 m.

Historical Distribution

Synonyms (39)

Anagallis amoena Heldr. (1885)
Anagallis arabica Duby (1844)
Anagallis arvensis L. (1753)
Anagallis arvensis decipiens Uechtr. (1881)
Anagallis arvensis f. carnea (Schrank) Schinz & R.Keller (1905)
Anagallis arvensis f. decipiens (Uechtr.) Schinz & R.Keller (1905)
Anagallis arvensis f. lilacina (Alef.) Schinz & R.Keller (1905)
Anagallis arvensis f. pallida (Hook.f.) Hyl. (1945)
Anagallis arvensis f. purpurea (Douie) P.D.Sell (2014)
Anagallis arvensis subsp. arvensis
Anagallis arvensis subsp. phoenicea (Gouan) Vollm. (1904)
Anagallis arvensis var. caerulea (Misapplied)
Anagallis arvensis var. carnea (Schrank) Boenn. (1824)
Anagallis arvensis var. immaculata Lej. (1825)
Anagallis arvensis var. lilacina Alef. (1866)
Anagallis arvensis var. pallida Hook.f. (1870)
Anagallis arvensis var. phoenicea Gouan (1764)
Anagallis arvensis var. platyphylloides Pau (1924)
Anagallis arvensis var. purpurea Douie (1924)
Anagallis arvensis var. repens (DC.) Merino (1916)
Anagallis arvensis var. tridyma Klett & Richt. (1830)
Anagallis carnea Schrank (1789)
Anagallis hadidii Chrtek & Osb.-Kos. (1986)
Anagallis indica Sweet (1826)
Anagallis jacquemontii Duby (1844)
Anagallis latifolia L. (1753)
Anagallis mas Vill. (1787)
Anagallis monelli M.Bieb. (1808)
Anagallis orientalis Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall. (1846)
Anagallis parviflora Loisel. (1827)
Anagallis phoenicea (Gouan) Scop. (1771)
Anagallis phoenicea var. verticillata Gray (1822)
Anagallis platyphylla Baudo (1843)
Anagallis pulchella Salisb. (1796)
Anagallis punctifolia Stokes (1812)
Anagallis repens DC. (1805)
Lysimachia arvensis f. latifolia (L.) B.Bock (2012)
Lysimachia arvensis subsp. latifolia (L.) Peruzzi (2010)
Lysimachia arvensis var. arvensis

Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Mokupāpapa (Kure atoll) Naturalized
Kuaihelani (Midway Atoll) Naturalized
Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Kaho'olawe Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Willdenowia 39: 51 (2009)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1077 (Mi, K, O, Mo, L, M, Ka, H [as Anagallis arvensis]); Starr et al. 2003:30 (Ku); Wood & LeGrande 2006:28 (Le); Manns & Anderberg 2009:51 (Syn. A. arvensis = L. arvensis)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Lysimachia arvensis Kapale Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 550 Molokai BISH 1916-06-04
2 Lysimachia arvensis Kapale Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 382 Molokai BISH 1916-06-04
3 Lysimachia arvensis Volcano, Kilauea Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Hawaii BISH 1908-09-01
4 Lysimachia arvensis Mokuleia, slopes of Kaala Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1812 Oahu BISH 1912-04-26
5 Lysimachia arvensis Kealia trail Preserved_Specimen Bennett, T. 241 Oahu BISH 1985-03-25
6 Lysimachia arvensis Laniloa Preserved_Specimen Cooke, C.M. Oahu BISH 1919-02-01
7 Lysimachia arvensis Halawa Preserved_Specimen Faurie, A. 712 Molokai BISH 1910-06-01
8 Lysimachia arvensis Koko Head Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2452 Oahu BISH 1917-04-05
9 Lysimachia arvensis Mokolii Preserved_Specimen Rogers, D.P. Oahu BISH 1947-05-17
10 Lysimachia arvensis Pimpernel? My garden, Kokee. This weed appeared out of nowhere Preserved_Specimen Plews, J.H.R. Kauai BISH 1987-04-10
11 Lysimachia arvensis Nuuanu Pali, above the pass Preserved_Specimen Kerr, M. Oahu BISH 1945-06-12
12 Lysimachia arvensis Mana Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1909-06-01
13 Lysimachia arvensis Molokini Islet Preserved_Specimen Richardson, F. Maui BISH 1954-06-01
14 Lysimachia arvensis Islet off Malaekahana-Mokuauia Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1938-06-19
15 Lysimachia arvensis Rabbit Island Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1930-03-16
16 Lysimachia arvensis Oahu Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH
17 Lysimachia arvensis Rabbit Island Preserved_Specimen Richardson, F. Oahu BISH 1954-03-14
18 Lysimachia arvensis Lanikai Preserved_Specimen Oahu BISH 1933-01-01
19 Lysimachia arvensis Kau, Punaluu Ranch Preserved_Specimen Meinecke, W.H. Hawaii BISH 1966-03-21
20 Lysimachia arvensis Paauhau 2 Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1909-06-01
21 Lysimachia arvensis Kaa Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 429 Lanai BISH 1929-04-15
22 Lysimachia arvensis unknown Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. BISH
23 Lysimachia arvensis Manana Island Preserved_Specimen Grant, M.L. 7294 Oahu BISH 1934-08-26
24 Lysimachia arvensis Mokuleia, slopes of Kaala Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1812 Oahu BISH 1912-04-26
25 Lysimachia arvensis unknown Preserved_Specimen BISH
26 Lysimachia arvensis Mauna Loa Strip road ~2.5 miles from intersection with Kona-Hilo Hwy.; ~1 mile pase Kipuka Puaulu (plot 20) Acacia-Sapindus savanna Preserved_Specimen creeping; flower peach color Newell, C.L. 166 Hawaii BISH 1966-07-27
27 Lysimachia arvensis Lehua. Lithified ash substrate, small pockets of shallow, gravelly soil. Low growing, open vegetation dominated by non-native grasses and Pluchea indica. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate herb with pink-orange fls. Trauernicht, C. 443 Lehua Rock BISH 2008-03-24
28 Lysimachia arvensis East Maui, Haleakala, Honokahuna cinders, dry Preserved_Specimen 3 herb. Flower pink, 5-lobed petals, darker at base. Fruit dehiscent capsuele, ~24 dark brown angular seeds Olson, G.E. 18 Maui BISH 1936-11-20
29 Lysimachia arvensis Laie clay, loam; damp Preserved_Specimen flowers bright red or salmon Beckham, N. 60 Oahu BISH 1967-04-20
30 Lysimachia arvensis Kau District, Keauhou Ranch, on Puu oo Trail Growing in middle of trail in area of Pennisetum pasture with scattered Metrosideros and Acacia koa. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate herb. No flowers. Cuddihy, L.W. 187 Hawaii BISH 1980-02-06
31 Lysimachia arvensis NE rim of Haleakala Crater goat-oreded area of tussock grassland Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 506 Maui BISH 1973-11-09
32 Lysimachia arvensis Hoolehua waste ground Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 5964 Molokai BISH 1928-04-04
33 Lysimachia arvensis Haelaau Cabin on Kaulalewelewe Hill disturbed area in mesic forest Preserved_Specimen annual herb to 20 cm; flowers pink Annable, C.R. 3823 Maui BISH 1998-02-12
34 Lysimachia arvensis ~2 km WSW of Kalani, Moomomi sand strip, directly S of Kaa, Kaluakoi calcareous sand Preserved_Specimen prostrate; flowers orange pink, deeper at center Fosberg, F.R. 29568 Molokai BISH 1948-02-22
35 Lysimachia arvensis Mokolii A few patches on E end. Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 5041929 Oahu BISH 2005-04-19
36 Lysimachia arvensis Hilina Pali Switchback Trail open Metrosideros-Diospyros forest Preserved_Specimen creeper, orange flower Newell, C.L. 951 Hawaii BISH 1967-06-22
37 Lysimachia arvensis Mouth of Kailua River top of beach, in moist sand Preserved_Specimen Stems 4-angled; flowers salmon-scarlet Cowan, R.S. 830 Oahu BISH 1948-02-22
38 Lysimachia arvensis Behind Highway 83. Near road in Sacred Fall Park that leads up to Kaluinui Valley Just behind beach. Preserved_Specimen Weed. Corn, C. Oahu BISH 1978-03-21
39 Lysimachia arvensis Oahu dry Preserved_Specimen Petals 5, red; sepals 5, green; stamens 5, opposite petals, anthers yellow, filaments violet, bearded Meyer, Mrs. Oahu BISH 1956-05-09
40 Lysimachia arvensis SE of Hakioanoa Gulch Coastline Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 9807 Kahoolawe BISH 1982-06-18
41 Lysimachia arvensis Between Puu Moaula and Lua Makika, grassland Grassland Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 8036 Kahoolawe BISH 1978-11-22
42 Lysimachia arvensis Molokai wet forest Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. Molokai BISH 1916-06-05
43 Lysimachia arvensis Lihue District: Hoary Heads, Kipu Kai Common weed. Associated with Messerschmidia, Lantana, Scaevola, Lepidium, Heliotropium, Sesuvium, Lycium, Lipochaeta, Portulaca. Preserved_Specimen Orange flowers. Herbst, D.R. 2910 Kauai BISH 1973-03-22
44 Lysimachia arvensis Kau District, Keauhou Ranch. Along TKB close to Keawewai Camp Mountain parkland under koa tree. Pahoehoe substrate. Preserved_Specimen Red-orange flowers. Kubo, R. 57 Hawaii BISH 1980-02-21
45 Lysimachia arvensis Parker Ranch, Puu Nohonaohae dry pasture Preserved_Specimen Ewart III, G.R. 186 Hawaii BISH 1932-01-16
46 Lysimachia arvensis NW near Makalae Poi Point In Prosopis with Chloris virgata Preserved_Specimen Small herbaceous. Flowers scarlet Cuddihy, L.W. 318 Kahoolawe BISH 1980-04-21
47 Lysimachia arvensis East Maui, 9.4 mi E of Ulupalakua Ranch on Piilani Hwy., 3.5 mi W of Manawainui disturbed shrubland with Lantana Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 4760 Maui BISH 1983-01-14
48 Lysimachia arvensis high ground at the back of the Wainiha Hui lands, Haiena From among such adventives as guava tree seedlings, Cassia alata, Ironwood, and mixed grasses. Preserved_Specimen Funk, E.J. 804 Kauai BISH 1990-05-03
49 Lysimachia arvensis Molokini Islet inner slope Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 1229 Maui BISH 1982-02-14
50 Lysimachia arvensis Koko Head, Kawainoa dry lowland not far from shore Preserved_Specimen flowers red-orange, fruit globose capsule Chock, A.K. 194 Oahu BISH 1950-05-23
51 Lysimachia arvensis National Park, Kau, along Halape trail under Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen straggling Herat, T. 820 Hawaii BISH 1974-06-29
52 Lysimachia arvensis Kau District, Keauhou Ranch, along TKB to Keawewai Camp Mountain parkland under koa tree. Pahoehoe substrate. Preserved_Specimen Red/ Orange flowers. Kubo, R. 57 Hawaii BISH 1980-02-21
53 Lysimachia arvensis Kaalualu Bay near South Point disturbed lava Preserved_Specimen small soft herb with salmon coloured flowers Whistler, W.A. 15 Hawaii BISH 1972-04-06
54 Lysimachia arvensis Opana, Kawela Bay grassy sand flat Preserved_Specimen flowers orange-red Fosberg, F.R. 9225 Oahu BISH 1933-03-05
55 Lysimachia arvensis Koele, .25 mi E pasture Preserved_Specimen flowers pink scarlet Cowan, R.S. Lanai BISH 1947-03-04
56 Lysimachia arvensis Waianae Mts., Pohakea Pass grassy slope Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 13163 Oahu BISH 1933-05-12
57 Lysimachia arvensis Moaula, in grassland Grassland, Andropogon pertusus Preserved_Specimen Char, W.P. 78.02 Kahoolawe BISH 1978-11-22
58 Lysimachia arvensis Napali Coast, Nualolo Kai. W side of valley on talus slope near backwall Talus slope with Polycarpon tetraphyllum, Coronopus didymus, Xanthium strumarium var canadense, Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, Pityrogramma austroamericana, Pluchea, Ageratina, Emilia fosbergii, Plantago lanceolata, Momordica charantia, Erigeron karvinskianus, Myoporum sandwicense, Chenopodium murale, Adiantum hispidulum. Preserved_Specimen Stem square, red with green ridges. Lvs dull med-green. Herb on ground w/ lax branches. LVs well spaced. 3 impressed veins above, purple spots forming larger dots below. Frt green, round w/ persistant purple style. Petals w/ fine r agged margin. Calyx green w / clear margins. Outer petals salmon w/ dark r. Tangalin, N. 2316 Kauai BISH 2010-05-03
59 Lysimachia arvensis Kau, Pahala, ~opposite Plantation Airfield edge of Keaiwa Stream Preserved_Specimen Meinecke, W.H. Hawaii BISH 1966-05-02
60 Lysimachia arvensis 7 mi W of Volcano House, Kilauea dry, open, grassy slope Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 30207 Hawaii BISH 1926-07-21
61 Lysimachia arvensis National Park, Kau, along Halape beach, W of shelter open Preserved_Specimen prostrate. Flowers salmon colored Herat, T. 855 Hawaii BISH 1974-06-30
62 Lysimachia arvensis Kalaupapa; airport, edge of wetland, roadside Preserved_Specimen annual or perennial herb Wysong, M.L. 606 Molokai BISH 2005-02-08
63 Lysimachia arvensis Kahua Ranch grass pasture Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. Hawaii BISH
64 Lysimachia arvensis National Park, close to Chain of Craters road, NE of Lua Manu crater disturbed area Preserved_Specimen Herat, T. 1024 Hawaii BISH 1974-07-15
65 Lysimachia arvensis Mokuleia, N Waianae Mts, Kealia Trail above Dillingham Airfield. On fully exposed N facing rocky substrate. Psydrax odorata overstory with Urochloa maxima, Leucaena leucocephala, Schinus terebinthifolia. Preserved_Specimen Kennedy, B. 114 Oahu BISH 2021-01-10
66 Lysimachia arvensis Honolulu District: Koko Head Preserved_Specimen Bruegmann, M.M. 147 Oahu BISH 1985-01-26
67 Lysimachia arvensis Koolau Poko District, Mokapu Peninsula. Marine Corps Base Hawaii, Kaneohe. Collected at the junction of Palikilo and Sumner Rds Preserved_Specimen Decumbent herb, forming a dense mat. Flowers with salmon-red petals, blue filaments. Herbst, D.R. 9758 Oahu BISH 1996-03-03
68 Lysimachia arvensis About 2km WSW of Kalani, Moomomi sand strip, directly S of Kaa, Kaluakoi Preserved_Specimen prostrate; flowers orange pink, Deeper at center. Fosberg, F.R. 29568 Molokai BISH 1948-02-22
69 Lysimachia arvensis Kure Atoll Preserved_Specimen Prostrate shrub; flowers scarlet-orange. Starr, F. 105226 Kure Atoll BISH 2001-05-22
70 Lysimachia arvensis Kalaupapa; airport, edge of wetland, roadside Preserved_Specimen annual or perennial herb Wysong, M.L. 606 Molokai BISH 2005-02-08
71 Lysimachia arvensis Waimea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1909-06-01
72 Lysimachia arvensis Waiakoa Preserved_Specimen Krauss, N.L.H. 883 Maui BISH 1963-04-21
73 Lysimachia arvensis Kapale Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 551 Molokai BISH 1916-06-04
74 Lysimachia arvensis Haleiwa Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 52 Oahu BISH 1908-12-14
75 Lysimachia arvensis Haleakala, Halemauu Trail Preserved_Specimen flowers red Wilbur, R.L. 1008 Maui BISH 1948-07-05
76 Lysimachia arvensis unknown Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. BISH
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